The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 95
“Then,” said Pi-waṕ-ōk, “I will go alone,” and he began to climb out on the trunk, his friend telling him just where to reach for a hold on the spreading branches.
Who acts: Pi, Hai, friend · What happens: say, ōk, go, begin, climb out, tell · To what, where: friend, trunk, Pi · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pi, Hai, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 2 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 said | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Then | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Then | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | Pi | Pi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 ōk | nsubj |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 Pi | punct |
| 8 | waṕ | waṕ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ōk | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 ōk | punct |
| 10 | ōk | ōk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | ccomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 go | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 go | punct |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 go | nsubj |
| 14 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 go | aux |
| 15 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 ōk | parataxis |
| 16 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 15 go | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 go | punct |
| 18 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 ōk | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 began | cc |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 began | nsubj |
| 21 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | conj |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 climb | mark |
| 23 | climb | climb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 began | xcomp |
| 24 | out | out | ADP | _ | 23 climb | compound:prt |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 trunk | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 trunk | det |
| 27 | trunk | trunk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 climb | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 friend | punct |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 friend | nmod:poss |
| 30 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 climb | obl |
| 31 | telling | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 friend | acl |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 telling | iobj |
| 33 | just | just | ADV | _ | 36 reach | advmod |
| 34 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 36 reach | advmod |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 reach | mark |
| 36 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 telling | advcl |
| 37 | for | for | ADP | _ | 39 hold | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 hold | det |
| 39 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 reach | obl |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 43 branches | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 branches | det |
| 42 | spreading | spreading | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 branches | compound |
| 43 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 hold | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | ōk | Pi | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | go in a quote | future | Hai | alone property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | begin | past | Pi | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | climb out | to-infinitive | Pi not said here | Pi's friend | the trunk | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on trunk=Trajectory | |||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | gerund | Pi's friend not said here | Pi | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | reach | to-infinitive | Pi's friend not said here | for a hold on the spreading branches | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/95/