The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Ragged Head, sentence 43
In the night, after it was dark and the camp had become quiet, the young men crept down to the river, close to the lodges, to see what they might do.
Who acts: camp, young men, lodges · What happens: be, become, creep down, see, do · To what, where: river · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (camp, young men, lodges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 night | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 night | det |
| 3 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 dark | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 night | punct |
| 5 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 8 dark | mark |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 dark | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 dark | cop |
| 8 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 become | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 camp | det |
| 11 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 become | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 become | aux |
| 13 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 dark | conj |
| 14 | quiet | quiet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 become | xcomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 crept | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 men | det |
| 17 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 men | amod |
| 18 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 crept | nsubj |
| 19 | crept | creep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 dark | advcl |
| 20 | down | down | ADV | _ | 19 crept | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 river | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 river | det |
| 23 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 crept | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 close | punct |
| 25 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 river | amod |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 lodges | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 lodges | det |
| 28 | lodges | lodge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 close | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 see | punct |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 see | mark |
| 31 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 19 crept | conj |
| 32 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 35 do | obj |
| 33 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 do | nsubj |
| 34 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 do | aux |
| 35 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 see | ccomp |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 dark | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | camp | night | dark property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | become | past · perfect | the camp | quiet property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | creep down | past | the young men | the river | down property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to river=Destination | |||
| 4 | see | to-infinitive | the young men not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | do | might | lodges = lodge | what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/14/43/