The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Ragged Head, sentence 52
The person did not answer, but stretched out his left hand and caught the boy by the hair, pulled him forward, and raised a great club, as if to strike him.
Who acts: person · What happens: not answer, stretch out, catch, pull, raise, strike · To what, where: left hand, boy, great club
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 person | det |
| 2 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 answer | nsubj |
| 3 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 answer | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 answer | advmod |
| 5 | answer | answer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 stretched | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 stretched | cc |
| 8 | stretched | stretch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 answer | xcomp |
| 9 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 stretched | compound:prt |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 hand | nmod:poss |
| 11 | left | left | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 hand | amod |
| 12 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 stretched | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 caught | cc |
| 14 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 stretched | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 boy | det |
| 16 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 caught | obj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 hair | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 hair | det |
| 19 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 caught | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 pulled | punct |
| 21 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 caught | conj |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 pulled | obj |
| 23 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 21 pulled | advmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 raised | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 raised | cc |
| 26 | raised | raise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 caught | parataxis |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 club | det |
| 28 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 club | amod |
| 29 | club | club | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 raised | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 strike | punct |
| 31 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 34 strike | mark |
| 32 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 34 strike | mark |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 strike | mark |
| 34 | strike | strike | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 raised | conj |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 strike | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 answer | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not answer speech: assert | past · do-support | the person | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | stretch out | participle | the person not said here | person's left hand | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient | ||||
| 3 | catch | past | the person not said here | the boy | by the hair | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Theme | |||
| 4 | pull | past | the person not said here | boy | forward property | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP ADJP-Result»: agent=Agent he=Result | |||
| 5 | raise | past | a great club | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent club=Theme | |||||
| 6 | strike a condition, not said to happen | to-infinitive | boy | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/14/52/