The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Nothing Child, sentence 183
At last Nothing Child asked him if he would promise never again to drive the buffalo away from the people.
Who acts: Child, raven · What happens: ask, promise, drive · To what, where: raven, last Nothing, buffalo
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Child, raven), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 Nothing | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Nothing | amod |
| 3 | Nothing | Nothing | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 asked | obl |
| 4 | Child | Child | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 asked | nsubj |
| 5 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 asked | iobj |
| 7 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 10 promise | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 promise | nsubj |
| 9 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 promise | aux |
| 10 | promise | promise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 asked | xcomp |
| 11 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 12 again | advmod |
| 12 | again | again | ADV | _ | 10 promise | advmod |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 drive | mark |
| 14 | drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 promise | advcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 buffalo | det |
| 16 | buffalo | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 drive | obj |
| 17 | away | away | ADV | _ | 14 drive | advmod |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 people | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 people | det |
| 20 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 away | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | Child | raven | last Nothing | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | promise speech: promise a condition, not said to happen | would | raven | again; never | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | drive | to-infinitive | raven not said here | the buffalo | away property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme buffalo=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/15/183/