The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Nothing Child, sentence 49
He found their trail and followed it, and after two days came to the tree and there saw the bear, standing on his hind feet and resting his paws against the tree.
Who acts: boy · What happens: find, follow, come, see, stand, rest · To what, where: trail, tree, bear, hind feet, paws
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 found | nsubj |
| 2 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 trail | nmod:poss |
| 4 | trail | trail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 found | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 followed | cc |
| 6 | followed | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 found | conj |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 followed | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 came | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 came | cc |
| 10 | after | after | ADP | _ | 12 days | case |
| 11 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 days | nummod |
| 12 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 came | obl |
| 13 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 found | parataxis |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 tree | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 tree | det |
| 16 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 came | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 saw | cc |
| 18 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 19 saw | expl |
| 19 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 came | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 bear | det |
| 21 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 saw | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 standing | punct |
| 23 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 saw | advcl |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 feet | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 feet | nmod:poss |
| 26 | hind | hind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 feet | amod |
| 27 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 standing | obl |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 resting | cc |
| 29 | resting | rest | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 standing | conj |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 paws | nmod:poss |
| 31 | paws | paw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 resting | obj |
| 32 | against | against | ADP | _ | 34 tree | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 tree | det |
| 34 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 resting | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | boy | lodges's trail | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trail=Topic | ||||
| 2 | follow | past | boy not said here | trail | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 3 | come | past | the tree | day | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to tree=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | see | past | the bear | there | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bear=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | stand | gerund | boy's hind feet | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on foot=Location | |||||
| 6 | rest | gerund | boy's paws | the tree | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent paw=Theme against tree=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/15/49/