The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Nothing Child, sentence 51
He asked him the same question again, and a third and a fourth time, and then the bear answered and said: “All this trouble has come upon us through your fault, because you listened to the lies your woman told you.
Who acts: boy, bear, trouble, you, woman, your · What happens: ask, answer, say, come, listen, tell · To what, where: same question, man, fault, lies, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, bear, trouble, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 asked | nsubj |
| 2 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 asked | iobj |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 question | det |
| 5 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 question | amod |
| 6 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 asked | obj |
| 7 | again | again | ADV | _ | 2 asked | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 third | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 third | cc |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 third | det |
| 11 | third | third | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 asked | parataxis |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 time | cc |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 time | det |
| 14 | fourth | fourth | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 15 time | amod |
| 15 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 third | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 answered | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 answered | cc |
| 18 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 21 answered | advmod |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 bear | det |
| 20 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 answered | nsubj |
| 21 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 asked | parataxis |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 said | cc |
| 23 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 answered | conj |
| 24 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 30 come | punct |
| 25 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 come | punct |
| 26 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 trouble | det |
| 27 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 28 trouble | det |
| 28 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 come | nsubj |
| 29 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 come | aux |
| 30 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 said | ccomp |
| 31 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 32 us | case |
| 32 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 come | obl |
| 33 | through | through | ADP | _ | 35 fault | case |
| 34 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 fault | nmod:poss |
| 35 | fault | fault | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 come | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 listened | punct |
| 37 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 39 listened | mark |
| 38 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 listened | nsubj |
| 39 | listened | listen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 come | parataxis |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 lies | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 lies | det |
| 42 | lies | lie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 listened | obl |
| 43 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 woman | nmod:poss |
| 44 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 told | nsubj |
| 45 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 lies | acl:relcl |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 45 told | iobj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | boy | the same question | man | again | a third and a fourth time parataxis | tree rules | |
| 2 | answer speech: assert | past | the bear | then | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the bear not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | come in a quote | present · perfect | all trouble | your fault | upon us | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through fault=Initial_Location | |||
| 5 | listen in a quote | past | you | to the lies | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to lie=Theme | ||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert in a quote | past | your woman | the lies not said here | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient | |||
| 7 | fault in a quote | your | nom fault «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/15/51/