The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Shield Quiver’s Wife, sentence 91
He asked her what she was crying about, and she answered: “I am crying for my lover, who is dead.”
Who acts: Shield, woman, lover · What happens: ask, cry, answer, be · To what, where: woman · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Shield Quiver’s Wife. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shield, woman, lover), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 asked | nsubj |
| 2 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 asked | iobj |
| 4 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 7 crying | obj |
| 5 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 crying | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 crying | aux |
| 7 | crying | cry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 asked | advcl |
| 8 | about | about | ADV | _ | 7 crying | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 answered | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 answered | cc |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 answered | nsubj |
| 12 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 asked | parataxis |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 crying | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 crying | punct |
| 15 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 crying | nsubj |
| 16 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 crying | aux |
| 17 | crying | cry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 answered | ccomp |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 lover | case |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 lover | nmod:poss |
| 20 | lover | lover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 crying | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 dead | punct |
| 22 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 dead | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 dead | cop |
| 24 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 lover | acl:relcl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 crying | punct |
| 26 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | Shield | woman | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | past · progressive | woman | what obj; about property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic | ||||
| 3 | answer speech: assert | past | woman | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | cry speech: express in a quote | present · progressive | woman | for my lover | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for lover=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | my lover | dead property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/16/91/