The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 117
Now let me explain to you,” and the old man began to point out the different medicines and to tell what they were, explaining the wonderful and mysterious power of each.
Who acts: you, me, old man, medicines · What happens: let, explain, begin, point out, tell · To what, where: me, you, different medicines, wonderful power · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, me, old man, medicines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 let | advmod |
| 2 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 let | obj |
| 4 | explain | explain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 let | xcomp |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 you | case |
| 6 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 explain | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 explain | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 let | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 began | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 man | det |
| 11 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 man | amod |
| 12 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 began | nsubj |
| 13 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 let | conj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 point | mark |
| 15 | point | point | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 began | xcomp |
| 16 | out | out | ADP | _ | 15 point | compound:prt |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 medicines | det |
| 18 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 medicines | amod |
| 19 | medicines | medicine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 point | obj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 tell | cc |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 tell | mark |
| 22 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 point | conj |
| 23 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 27 explaining | obj |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 explaining | nsubj |
| 25 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 explaining | aux |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 explaining | punct |
| 27 | explaining | explain | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 tell | ccomp |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 power | det |
| 29 | wonderful | wonderful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 power | amod |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 mysterious | cc |
| 31 | mysterious | mysterious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 wonderful | conj |
| 32 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 explaining | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 each | case |
| 34 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 32 power | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 let | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let | imperative | you not said here | me | now | tree rules | |||
| 2 | explain speech: assert | infinitive | me not said here | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to you=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | begin in a quote | past | the old man | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | point out in a quote | to-infinitive | the old man not said here | the different medicines | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Patient | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert in a quote | to-infinitive | the old man not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | explain speech: assert in a quote | past · progressive | medicines = medicine | the wonderful power of each | what obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/117/