The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 129
But at last he knew them all by heart, and the old man gave him some parting advice.
Who acts: Robe, old man · What happens: know, give · To what, where: prayer, last, parting advice, Robe
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Robe, old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 knew | cc |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 3 last | case |
| 3 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 knew | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 knew | nsubj |
| 5 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 knew | obj |
| 7 | all | all | ADV | _ | 9 heart | advmod |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 heart | case |
| 9 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 knew | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 gave | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 gave | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 man | det |
| 13 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 man | amod |
| 14 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 gave | nsubj |
| 15 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 knew | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 gave | iobj |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 advice | det |
| 18 | parting | parting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 advice | compound |
| 19 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 gave | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | Robe | prayer | last | by heart | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus | ||
| 2 | give | past | the old man | some parting advice | Robe | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient advice=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/129/