The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 162

No river or lake could stop his way, and he was able to kill many of the enemy who were encamped by the shores of any water, for, whenever he asked it of his medicine, it took him safely down under the surface of the water, wherever he wished to go.

Who acts: river, shores, it · What happens: stop, be, kill, encamp, ask, take · To what, where: way, many, enemy, river, surface

This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (river, shores, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 river	det
2	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stop	nsubj
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 lake	cc
4	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 river	conj
5	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 stop	aux
6	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 way	nmod:poss
8	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stop	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 able	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 able	cc
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 able	nsubj
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 able	cop
13	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stop	parataxis
14	to	to	PART	_	15 kill	mark
15	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 able	xcomp
16	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 kill	obj
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 enemy	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 enemy	det
19	enemy	enemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 many	nmod
20	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	22 encamped	nsubj
21	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 encamped	aux:pass
22	encamped	encamp	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 enemy	acl:relcl
23	by	by	ADP	_	25 shores	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 shores	det
25	shores	shore	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 encamped	obl
26	of	of	ADP	_	28 water	case
27	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	28 water	det
28	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 shores	nmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 asked	punct
30	for	for	SCONJ	_	34 asked	mark
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 asked	punct
32	whenever	whenever	ADV	PronType=Rel	34 asked	advmod
33	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 asked	nsubj
34	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 stop	parataxis
35	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 asked	obj
36	of	of	ADP	_	38 medicine	case
37	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	38 medicine	nmod:poss
38	medicine	medicine	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 asked	obl
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 took	punct
40	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	41 took	nsubj
41	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 asked	parataxis
42	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	41 took	obj
43	safely	safely	ADV	_	44 down	advmod
44	down	down	ADV	_	41 took	advmod
45	under	under	ADP	_	47 surface	case
46	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	47 surface	det
47	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 took	obl
48	of	of	ADP	_	50 water	case
49	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	50 water	det
50	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 surface	nmod
51	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 wished	punct
52	wherever	wherever	ADV	PronType=Int	54 wished	advmod
53	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	54 wished	nsubj
54	wished	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	41 took	conj
55	to	to	PART	_	56 go	mark
56	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	54 wished	xcomp
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 stop	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	stop	could	no river or lake	river's way				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality way=Eventuality
2	is	past	river				able property	tree rules
3	kill	to-infinitive	river not said here	many of the enemy				vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Theme
4	encamp	past · passive	the shores of any water	the enemy				tree rules
5	ask speech: ask	past	river		way		of river's medicine; whenever property	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient
6	take	past	it		river	the surface of the water	down property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination
7	wish	past	river				wherever property	vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
8	go not said to happen	to-infinitive	river not said here					vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	medicine		river					nom medicine «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/162/

🌲 The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 162

The tree

Pragmatics

The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 162