The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 70
The hard, dry stuff turned into rich pemmican, and when the last bit of the chip had been broken up the bowl was passed to him.
What happens: turn, break up, pass · To what, where: hard dry stuff, rich pemmican, last bit, chief
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 stuff | det |
| 2 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 stuff | amod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 hard | punct |
| 4 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 stuff | amod |
| 5 | stuff | stuff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 passed | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 stuff | acl |
| 7 | into | into | ADP | _ | 9 pemmican | case |
| 8 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 pemmican | amod |
| 9 | pemmican | pemmican | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 turned | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 broken | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 broken | cc |
| 12 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 21 broken | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 bit | det |
| 14 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 bit | amod |
| 15 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 chip | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 chip | det |
| 18 | chip | chip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 bit | nmod |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 broken | aux |
| 20 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 broken | aux:pass |
| 21 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 turned | conj |
| 22 | up | up | ADP | _ | 21 broken | compound:prt |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 bowl | det |
| 24 | bowl | bowl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 broken | obj |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 passed | aux:pass |
| 26 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 him | case |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 passed | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 passed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | participle | the hard dry stuff not said here | rich pemmican | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into pemmican=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | break up | past · perfect · passive | the last bit of the chip | the bowl obj | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Patient bowl=Result | ||||
| 3 | pass | past · passive | the hard dry stuff | chief | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to he=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/70/