The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 89
Well, winter has come, and,” turning to New Robe, “now you cannot leave us until spring comes and melts the ice.
Who acts: winter, you, spring · What happens: come, turn, not leave, melt · To what, where: New Robe, us, ice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (winter, you, spring), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Well | well | INTJ | _ | 5 come | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Well | punct |
| 3 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 come | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 come | aux |
| 5 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 turning | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 turning | cc |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 and | punct |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 turning | punct |
| 10 | turning | turn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 come | parataxis |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 Robe | case |
| 12 | New | New | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 Robe | amod |
| 13 | Robe | Robe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 turning | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 leave | punct |
| 15 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 leave | punct |
| 16 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 20 leave | advmod |
| 17 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 leave | nsubj |
| 18 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 leave | aux |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 leave | advmod |
| 20 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 turning | parataxis |
| 21 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 leave | obj |
| 22 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 24 comes | mark |
| 23 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 comes | nsubj |
| 24 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 leave | advcl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 melts | cc |
| 26 | melts | melt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 comes | conj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 ice | det |
| 28 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 melts | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 come | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present · perfect | winter | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | turn in a quote | gerund | New Robe | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | not leave | can | you | us | now | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme | |||
| 4 | come | present | spring | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | melt | present | spring not said here | the ice | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/89/