The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 9
He never thought that he was different from other young men, until one day he chanced to overhear the conversation of some young women.
Who acts: Robe, young women · What happens: not think, be, chance, overhear, converse · To what, where: conversation · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Robe, young women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 thought | nsubj |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 thought | advmod |
| 3 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 different | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 different | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 different | cop |
| 7 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 thought | ccomp |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 men | case |
| 9 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 men | amod |
| 10 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 men | amod |
| 11 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 different | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 chanced | punct |
| 13 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 17 chanced | mark |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 day | nummod |
| 15 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 chanced | obl:unmarked |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 chanced | nsubj |
| 17 | chanced | chance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 thought | conj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 overhear | mark |
| 19 | overhear | overhear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 chanced | xcomp |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 conversation | det |
| 21 | conversation | conversation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 overhear | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 women | case |
| 23 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 25 women | det |
| 24 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 women | amod |
| 25 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 conversation | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not think speech: other | past | Robe | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | past | Robe | from other young men; different property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | chance | past | Robe | day | vn risk-94-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 4 | overhear | to-infinitive | Robe not said here | the conversation of some young women | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer conversation=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | converse | some young women | nom conversation «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/9/