The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 100
Fearing that she might find her people, dreading the awful vengeance that would overtake them if she did, they were no doubt already fleeing towards the pine-covered slopes of the great mountains.
Who acts: people, body, awful vengeance · What happens: fear, find, dread, overtake, do, flee · To what, where: people, awful vengeance, covered slopes · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, body, awful vengeance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fearing | fear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 fleeing | advcl |
| 2 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 5 find | mark |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 find | nsubj |
| 4 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 find | aux |
| 5 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Fearing | ccomp |
| 6 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 people | nmod:poss |
| 7 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 find | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 dreading | punct |
| 9 | dreading | dread | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 find | advcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 vengeance | det |
| 11 | awful | awful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 vengeance | amod |
| 12 | vengeance | vengeance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 dreading | obj |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 overtake | nsubj |
| 14 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 overtake | aux |
| 15 | overtake | overtake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 vengeance | acl:relcl |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 overtake | obj |
| 17 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 19 did | mark |
| 18 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 did | nsubj |
| 19 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 overtake | advcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Fearing | punct |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 fleeing | nsubj |
| 22 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 fleeing | aux |
| 23 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 24 doubt | det |
| 24 | doubt | doubt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 fleeing | nsubj |
| 25 | already | already | ADV | _ | 26 fleeing | advmod |
| 26 | fleeing | flee | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 27 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 32 slopes | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 slopes | det |
| 29 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 covered | compound |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 pine | punct |
| 31 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 slopes | amod |
| 32 | slopes | slope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 fleeing | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 mountains | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 mountains | det |
| 35 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 mountains | amod |
| 36 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 slopes | nmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 fleeing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fear | gerund | people not said here | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | find | might | body | body's people | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Topic | ||||
| 3 | dread | gerund | body not said here | the awful vengeance | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vengeance=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | overtake | would | the awful vengeance | people | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | do a condition, not said to happen | past | body | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | flee | past · progressive | people | the covered slopes of the great mountains | no doubt nsubj | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme towards slope=Initial_Location | |||
| 7 | cover | participle | pine compound | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/18/100/