The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 123
Here by the river were plenty of berries and some roots that are often eaten—good to fill the belly, but not strength-making food.
What happens: be, eat, fill, not make · To what, where: berries, belly, food
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | root | root |
| 2 | by | by | ADP | _ | 4 river | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 river | det |
| 4 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Here | obl |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Here | cop |
| 6 | plenty | plenty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 were | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 berries | case |
| 8 | berries | berry | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 plenty | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 roots | cc |
| 10 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 11 roots | det |
| 11 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 berries | conj |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 eaten | nsubj |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 eaten | aux:pass |
| 14 | often | often | ADV | _ | 15 eaten | advmod |
| 15 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 berries | acl:relcl |
| 16 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 good | punct |
| 17 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 eaten | conj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 fill | mark |
| 19 | fill | fill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 good | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 belly | det |
| 21 | belly | belly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 fill | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 making | punct |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 making | cc |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 making | advmod |
| 25 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 making | compound |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 strength | punct |
| 27 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Here | advcl |
| 28 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 making | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Here | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | by the river; here property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | eat | present · passive | berries and some roots | often property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | fill | to-infinitive | the belly | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent belly=Patient | |||||
| 4 | not make | gerund | food | strength compound | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset food=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/18/123/