The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 127
He himself fared well on the ground-squirrels and prairie-dogs he managed to catch, and often he brought one to her; but she could not bring herself to eat it raw, and she had no way of building a fire to roast it.
Who acts: coyote, plenty, way · What happens: fare, manage, catch, bring, not bring, eat · To what, where: prairie dogs, one, plenty, dress, way, fire
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (coyote, plenty, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 fared | nsubj |
| 2 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 1 He | nmod:unmarked |
| 3 | fared | fare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 fared | advmod |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 squirrels | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 squirrels | det |
| 7 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 squirrels | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 ground | punct |
| 9 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 fared | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 dogs | cc |
| 11 | prairie | prairie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 dogs | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 prairie | punct |
| 13 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 squirrels | conj |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 managed | nsubj |
| 15 | managed | manage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 dogs | acl:relcl |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 catch | mark |
| 17 | catch | catch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 managed | xcomp |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 brought | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 brought | cc |
| 20 | often | often | ADV | _ | 22 brought | advmod |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 brought | nsubj |
| 22 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 catch | conj |
| 23 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 brought | obj |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 her | case |
| 25 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 one | nmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 bring | punct |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 bring | cc |
| 28 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 bring | nsubj |
| 29 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 bring | aux |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 bring | advmod |
| 31 | bring | bring | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 fared | conj |
| 32 | herself | herself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 31 bring | obj |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 eat | mark |
| 34 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 bring | advcl |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 eat | obj |
| 36 | raw | raw | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 eat | xcomp |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 had | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 had | cc |
| 39 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 had | nsubj |
| 40 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fared | conj |
| 41 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 42 way | det |
| 42 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 had | obj |
| 43 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 44 building | mark |
| 44 | building | build | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 42 way | acl |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 fire | det |
| 46 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 building | obj |
| 47 | to | to | PART | _ | 48 roast | mark |
| 48 | roast | roast | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 building | advcl |
| 49 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 roast | obj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 fared | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fare | past | coyote | on the ground squirrels and prairie dogs; well property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | manage | past | coyote | prairie dogs not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | catch | to-infinitive | coyote not said here | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | bring | past | coyote | one | plenty | often property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent one=Theme to she=Destination | ||
| 5 | not bring | could | plenty | plenty | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent herself=Theme | ||||
| 6 | eat | to-infinitive | plenty not said here | dress | raw property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | |||
| 7 | have | past | plenty | no way | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient | ||||
| 8 | build | gerund | no way not said here | a fire | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fire=Product | ||||
| 9 | roast | to-infinitive | no way not said here | dress | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/18/127/