The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 137
“You have saved my life,” she said; “and much as I grieve to, we must part now, for, while I might prevent the people from harming you, I could not stop the camp dogs from tearing you to pieces.
Who acts: You, woman, we · What happens: save, say, grieve, part, prevent, harm · To what, where: life, people, you, camp dogs · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, woman, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 saved | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 saved | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 saved | aux |
| 4 | saved | save | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 said | ccomp |
| 5 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 life | nmod:poss |
| 6 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 saved | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 saved | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 saved | punct |
| 9 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 much | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 much | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 much | cc |
| 14 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 said | ccomp |
| 15 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 17 grieve | mark |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 grieve | nsubj |
| 17 | grieve | grieve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 part | advcl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 grieve | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 grieve | punct |
| 20 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 part | nsubj |
| 21 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 part | aux |
| 22 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 much | advcl |
| 23 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 22 part | advmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 prevent | punct |
| 25 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 30 prevent | mark |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 prevent | punct |
| 27 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 30 prevent | mark |
| 28 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 prevent | nsubj |
| 29 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 prevent | aux |
| 30 | prevent | prevent | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 said | conj |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 people | det |
| 32 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 prevent | obj |
| 33 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 34 harming | mark |
| 34 | harming | harm | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 prevent | advcl |
| 35 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 34 harming | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 stop | punct |
| 37 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 stop | nsubj |
| 38 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 stop | aux |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 stop | advmod |
| 40 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 prevent | conj |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 dogs | det |
| 42 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 dogs | compound |
| 43 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 stop | obj |
| 44 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 45 tearing | mark |
| 45 | tearing | tear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 40 stop | advcl |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 45 tearing | obj |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 48 pieces | case |
| 48 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 tearing | obl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | save in a quote | present · perfect | You | my life | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | woman | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | grieve in a quote | present | woman | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | part in a quote | must | we | now | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | prevent in a quote | might | woman | the people | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer people=Theme | ||||
| 6 | harm in a quote | gerund | woman not said here | you | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus you=Experiencer | ||||
| 7 | not stop in a quote | could | woman | the camp dogs | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector dog=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | tear in a quote | gerund | woman not said here | you | to pieces result | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent you=Patient to piece=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/18/137/