The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 96
When darkness came once more, she climbed out and started in search of water, not knowing which way to look for it, or whether she would ever find any.
Who acts: darkness · What happens: come, climb out, start, not know, look, find · To what, where: search, way, any, water
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (darkness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 came | advmod |
| 2 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 climbed | advcl |
| 4 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 5 more | advmod |
| 5 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 3 came | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
| 7 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 climbed | nsubj |
| 8 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | out | out | ADV | _ | 8 climbed | advmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 started | cc |
| 11 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 climbed | conj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 search | case |
| 13 | search | search | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 started | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 water | case |
| 15 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 search | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 knowing | punct |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 knowing | advmod |
| 18 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 climbed | advcl |
| 19 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 20 way | det |
| 20 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 knowing | obj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 look | mark |
| 22 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 way | acl |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 it | case |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 look | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 find | punct |
| 26 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 31 find | cc |
| 27 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 31 find | mark |
| 28 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 find | nsubj |
| 29 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 find | aux |
| 30 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 31 find | advmod |
| 31 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 knowing | conj |
| 32 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 31 find | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 climbed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | darkness | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | climb out | past | darkness | out property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | start | past | darkness not said here | search of water | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | not know | gerund | darkness not said here | which way | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | look | to-infinitive | darkness not said here | which way not said here | for way | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for it=Theme | |||
| 6 | find | would | darkness | any | ever | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent any=Topic | |||
| 7 | search | water | nom search «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/18/96/