The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Bluejay Stories, sentence 4
The salmon that each year come to the rivers to spawn, the great shoals of little herrings that visit the beach, the halibut that lie at the bottom far at sea, the seals, the sea-lions, the porpoises, and the whales, all provide something towards the tribe’s support.
Who acts: salmon, little herrings, halibut, whales, tribe · What happens: come, spawn, visit, lie, provide, support · To what, where: rivers, beach, bottom, something, salmon
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Bluejay Stories. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (salmon, little herrings, halibut, whales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 salmon | det |
| 2 | salmon | salmon | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 come | nsubj |
| 4 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 year | det |
| 5 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 come | nsubj |
| 6 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 salmon | acl:relcl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 rivers | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 rivers | det |
| 9 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 come | obl |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 spawn | mark |
| 11 | spawn | spawn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 come | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 shoals | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 shoals | det |
| 14 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 shoals | amod |
| 15 | shoals | shoal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 salmon | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 herrings | case |
| 17 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 herrings | amod |
| 18 | herrings | herring | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 shoals | nmod |
| 19 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 visit | nsubj |
| 20 | visit | visit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 herrings | acl:relcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 beach | det |
| 22 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 visit | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 halibut | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 halibut | det |
| 25 | halibut | halibut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 herrings | conj |
| 26 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 lie | nsubj |
| 27 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 halibut | acl:relcl |
| 28 | at | at | ADP | _ | 30 bottom | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 bottom | det |
| 30 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 lie | obl |
| 31 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 27 lie | advmod |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 sea | case |
| 33 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 far | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 seals | punct |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 seals | det |
| 36 | seals | seal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 herrings | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 lions | punct |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 lions | det |
| 39 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 lions | compound |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 sea | punct |
| 41 | lions | lion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 seals | conj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 porpoises | punct |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 porpoises | det |
| 44 | porpoises | porpoise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 seals | conj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 provide | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 provide | cc |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 whales | det |
| 48 | whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 provide | nsubj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 whales | punct |
| 50 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 51 provide | advmod |
| 51 | provide | provide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 salmon | conj |
| 52 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 51 provide | obj |
| 53 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 57 support | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 tribe | det |
| 55 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 support | nmod:poss |
| 56 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 55 tribe | case |
| 57 | support | support | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 provide | obl |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 salmon | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | infinitive | the salmon and the great shoals of little herrings and the halibut and the seals and the sea lions and the porpoises | the rivers | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | spawn | to-infinitive | the salmon and the great shoals of little herrings and the halibut and the seals and the sea lions and the porpoises not said here | vn calve-28.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | visit | present | little herrings and the halibut and the seals and the sea lions and the porpoises | the beach | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beach=Co-Agent | ||||
| 4 | lie | present | the halibut | the bottom | far property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at bottom=Location | |||
| 5 | provide | present | the whales | something | towards the tribe's support | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition something=Theme | |||
| 7 | support | the tribe | nom support «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/3/4/