The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Bluejay Stories, sentence 9
Although in recent years all the conditions of the lives of these people have changed, stories such as these may still be heard, if one can gain the confidence of the aged men and women who yet retain this legendary lore.
Who acts: one, aged men · What happens: change, hear, gain, retain, condition, confide · To what, where: conditions, these, confidence, legendary lore, lives, aged men
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Bluejay Stories. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, aged men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Although | although | SCONJ | _ | 4 years | mark |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 years | case |
| 3 | recent | recent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 years | amod |
| 4 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 changed | obl |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 conditions | det:predet |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 conditions | det |
| 7 | conditions | condition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 changed | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 lives | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 lives | det |
| 10 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 conditions | nmod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 people | case |
| 12 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 13 people | det |
| 13 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 lives | nmod |
| 14 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 changed | aux |
| 15 | changed | change | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 stories | punct |
| 17 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 changed | obj |
| 18 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ | 24 heard | mark |
| 19 | as | as | ADP | _ | 18 such | fixed |
| 20 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 24 heard | nsubj |
| 21 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 heard | aux |
| 22 | still | still | ADV | _ | 24 heard | advmod |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 heard | aux:pass |
| 24 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 stories | acl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 gain | punct |
| 26 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 29 gain | mark |
| 27 | one | one | PRON | Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 gain | nsubj |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 gain | aux |
| 29 | gain | gain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 changed | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 confidence | det |
| 31 | confidence | confidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 gain | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 men | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 men | det |
| 34 | aged | aged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 men | amod |
| 35 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 confidence | nmod |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 women | cc |
| 37 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 men | conj |
| 38 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 retain | nsubj |
| 39 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 40 retain | advmod |
| 40 | retain | retain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 men | parataxis |
| 41 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 lore | det |
| 42 | legendary | legendary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 lore | amod |
| 43 | lore | lore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 retain | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 changed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | present · perfect · passive | all conditions of the lives of this people | year | stories obj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | hear | may · passive | these | still | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | gain a condition, not said to happen | can | one | the confidence of the aged men and women | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent confidence=Theme | ||||
| 4 | retain | present | the aged men and women | this legendary lore | yet | tree rules | |||
| 5 | condition | the lives of this people | nom condition «state transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | confide | the aged men and women | nom confidence «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/3/9/