The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Bluejay, the Imitator, sentence 94
When the stones were hot he sharpened his knife and began to cut his feet, but, oh, it hurt him very much.
Who acts: stones, Bear, knife · What happens: be, sharpen, begin, cut, hurt · To what, where: knife, feet, Bear
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay, the Imitator. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stones, Bear, knife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 hot | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 stones | det |
| 3 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 hot | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 hot | cop |
| 5 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 sharpened | xcomp |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 sharpened | nsubj |
| 7 | sharpened | sharpen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 knife | nmod:poss |
| 9 | knife | knife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sharpened | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 began | cc |
| 11 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 sharpened | conj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 cut | mark |
| 13 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 began | xcomp |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 feet | nmod:poss |
| 15 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 cut | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 hurt | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 hurt | cc |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 but | punct |
| 19 | oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 22 hurt | discourse |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 oh | punct |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 hurt | nsubj |
| 22 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 sharpened | conj |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 hurt | obj |
| 24 | very | very | ADV | _ | 25 much | advmod |
| 25 | much | much | ADV | _ | 22 hurt | advmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 sharpened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the stones | hot property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | sharpen | past | Bear | Bear's knife | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent knife=Patient | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | Bear not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | cut | to-infinitive | Bear not said here | Bear's feet | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset foot=Product | ||||
| 5 | hurt | past | knife | Bear | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/5/94/