The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts, sentence 111
As he was going along he said to himself, “I thought it was really a whale, but it is only a fir-tree.”
Who acts: Bluejay, shoulder · What happens: go along, say, think, be · To what, where: Bluejay, whale, fir tree · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bluejay, shoulder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 going | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 going | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 going | aux |
| 4 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 thought | advcl |
| 5 | along | along | ADP | _ | 7 said | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 going | ccomp |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 himself | case |
| 9 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 7 said | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 going | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 thought | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 thought | nsubj |
| 13 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 whale | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 whale | cop |
| 16 | really | really | ADV | _ | 18 whale | advmod |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 whale | det |
| 18 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 thought | ccomp |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 tree | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 tree | cc |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 tree | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 tree | cop |
| 23 | only | only | ADV | _ | 27 tree | advmod |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 tree | det |
| 25 | fir | fir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 tree | compound |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 fir | punct |
| 27 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 thought | ccomp |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 27 tree | punct |
| 29 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 27 tree | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go along | past · progressive | Bluejay | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Bluejay | Bluejay | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | think speech: other in a quote | past | Bluejay | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | past | shoulder | a whale | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | shoulder | a fir tree | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/6/111/