The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts, sentence 142
Bluejay threw it away, saying, “Why does she hold that skull in her arms?”
Who acts: Bluejay, woman · What happens: throw away, say, hold · To what, where: way, skull, arms · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bluejay, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bluejay | Bluejay | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 threw | nsubj |
| 2 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 threw | obj |
| 4 | away | away | ADV | _ | 2 threw | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 saying | punct |
| 6 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 threw | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 hold | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 hold | punct |
| 9 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 hold | advmod |
| 10 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 hold | aux |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 hold | nsubj |
| 12 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 saying | ccomp |
| 13 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 14 skull | det |
| 14 | skull | skull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hold | obj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 arms | case |
| 16 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 arms | nmod:poss |
| 17 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 hold | obl |
| 18 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 threw | punct |
| 19 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw away | past | Bluejay | way | away property | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 2 | say speech: ask | gerund | Bluejay not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | hold in a quote | present · do-support | woman | that skull | woman's arms | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent skull=Theme in arm=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/6/142/