The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts, sentence 149
When he came to the river he called out to his elder sister, and she said, “Ah, my brother is dead.”
Who acts: Bluejay, sister, brother · What happens: come, call out, say, be · To what, where: river, elder sister · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bluejay, sister, brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 came | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 said | advcl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 river | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 river | det |
| 6 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 called | nsubj |
| 8 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 river | acl:relcl |
| 9 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 called | compound:prt |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 sister | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 sister | nmod:poss |
| 12 | elder | elder | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 sister | amod |
| 13 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 called | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 said | cc |
| 16 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 said | nsubj |
| 17 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 dead | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 dead | punct |
| 20 | Ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 25 dead | discourse |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Ah | punct |
| 22 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 brother | nmod:poss |
| 23 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 dead | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 dead | cop |
| 25 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 said | ccomp |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 dead | punct |
| 27 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 dead | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Bluejay | the river | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | call out speech: assert | past | Bluejay | the river not said here | Bluejay's elder sister | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent river=Topic to sister=Recipient | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | sister | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | my brother | dead property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/6/149/