The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts, sentence 22
Bluejay did not believe her; he said to himself: “Ioí is telling lies.
Who acts: Bluejay, Ioí · What happens: not believe, say, tell · To what, where: sister, Bluejay, lies · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bluejay, Ioí), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bluejay | Bluejay | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 believe | nsubj |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 believe | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 believe | advmod |
| 4 | believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 believe | obj |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 said | nsubj |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 believe | parataxis |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 himself | case |
| 10 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 8 said | obl |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 telling | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 telling | punct |
| 13 | Ioí | Ioí | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 telling | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 telling | aux |
| 15 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 said | advcl |
| 16 | lies | lie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 telling | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 believe | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not believe | past · do-support | Bluejay | sister | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Bluejay | Bluejay | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert in a quote | present · progressive | Ioí | lies | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/6/22/