The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], sentence 136
When they had come pretty close to him, he would stop running and dig another hole, and while the Buffalo were crowding around the hole, trying to dig him out, he would dig along under the ground, until he had got far beyond them, and would then come to the top of the ground, and run as fast as he could towards the lodge.
Who acts: women, Badger, Buffalo · What happens: come, stop, run, dig, crowd, try · To what, where: hole, Badger, ground, top, lodge
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (women, Badger, Buffalo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 come | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 come | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 come | aux |
| 4 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 stop | advcl |
| 5 | pretty | pretty | ADV | _ | 6 close | advmod |
| 6 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 come | xcomp |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 him | case |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 close | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 come | punct |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 stop | nsubj |
| 11 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 stop | aux |
| 12 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 13 | running | run | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 stop | xcomp |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 dig | cc |
| 15 | dig | dig | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 stop | conj |
| 16 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 17 hole | det |
| 17 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dig | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 crowding | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 crowding | cc |
| 20 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 24 crowding | mark |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Buffalo | det |
| 22 | Buffalo | Buffalo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 crowding | nsubj |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 crowding | aux |
| 24 | crowding | crowd | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 stop | advcl |
| 25 | around | around | ADP | _ | 27 hole | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 hole | det |
| 27 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 crowding | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 trying | punct |
| 29 | trying | try | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 crowding | conj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 dig | mark |
| 31 | dig | dig | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 trying | xcomp |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 dig | obj |
| 33 | out | out | ADP | _ | 31 dig | compound:prt |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 dig | punct |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 dig | nsubj |
| 36 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 dig | aux |
| 37 | dig | dig | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 stop | conj |
| 38 | along | along | ADV | _ | 37 dig | advmod |
| 39 | under | under | ADP | _ | 41 ground | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 ground | det |
| 41 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 dig | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 got | punct |
| 43 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 46 got | mark |
| 44 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 got | nsubj |
| 45 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 got | aux |
| 46 | got | get | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 37 dig | conj |
| 47 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 46 got | advmod |
| 48 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 49 them | case |
| 49 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 got | obl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 come | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 come | cc |
| 52 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 54 come | aux |
| 53 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 54 come | advmod |
| 54 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 dig | conj |
| 55 | to | to | ADP | _ | 57 top | case |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 top | det |
| 57 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 come | obl |
| 58 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 ground | case |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 ground | det |
| 60 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 top | nmod |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 63 run | punct |
| 62 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 run | cc |
| 63 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 12 stop | parataxis |
| 64 | as | as | ADV | _ | 65 fast | advmod |
| 65 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 63 run | advmod |
| 66 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 68 could | mark |
| 67 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 68 could | nsubj |
| 68 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 65 fast | advcl |
| 69 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 71 lodge | case |
| 70 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 71 lodge | det |
| 71 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 run | obl |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 stop | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past · perfect | women = woman | close property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | stop | would | Badger | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | run | gerund | Badger not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | dig | infinitive | Badger not said here | another hole | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hole=Theme | ||||
| 5 | crowd | past · progressive | the Buffalo | the hole | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent around hole=Destination | ||||
| 6 | try | gerund | the Buffalo not said here | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | dig out not said to happen | to-infinitive | the Buffalo not said here | Badger | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.instrument PP.theme»: agent=Agent he=Instrument | ||||
| 8 | dig | would | Buffalo | the ground | along property | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent under ground=Location | |||
| 9 | get | past · perfect | Buffalo | beyond women = woman; far property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 10 | come | would | Buffalo not said here | the top of the ground | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to top=Initial_Location | |||
| 11 | run | infinitive | the lodge | fast property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards lodge=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/136/