The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], sentence 3
To the branch of a tree in front of the lodge they had hung a rawhide strap, such as women use for carrying wood, so as to make a swing for the girl.
Who acts: lodge, women · What happens: hang, use, carry, make · To what, where: boys, rawhide strap, wood, swing
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lodge, women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 3 branch | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 branch | det |
| 3 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 make | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 tree | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 tree | det |
| 6 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 branch | nmod |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 front | case |
| 8 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tree | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 lodge | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 lodge | det |
| 11 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 front | nmod |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 hung | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 hung | aux |
| 14 | hung | hang | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 lodge | acl:relcl |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 strap | det |
| 16 | rawhide | rawhide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 strap | compound |
| 17 | strap | strap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 hung | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 use | punct |
| 19 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 21 women | case |
| 20 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 such | fixed |
| 21 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 use | nsubj |
| 22 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 strap | acl:relcl |
| 23 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 24 carrying | mark |
| 24 | carrying | carry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 use | advcl |
| 25 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 carrying | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 make | punct |
| 27 | so | so | ADV | _ | 30 make | advmod |
| 28 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 30 make | mark |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 make | mark |
| 30 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 swing | det |
| 32 | swing | swing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 make | obj |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 girl | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 girl | det |
| 35 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 swing | nmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 30 make | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hang | past · perfect · passive | the lodge not said here | boys = boy | a rawhide strap obj | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Patient strap=Result | |||
| 2 | use | present | women | a rawhide strap not said here | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strap=Patient | ||||
| 3 | carry | gerund | women not said here | wood | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wood=Theme | ||||
| 4 | make | to-infinitive | a swing | to the branch of a tree in front of the lodge; for the girl | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent swing=Material for girl=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/3/