The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], sentence 72
After they had gone a long way, they saw a Swift Hawk sitting on the limb of a tree by a ravine.
Who acts: bows, Swift Hawk · What happens: go, see, sit · To what, where: long way, Swift Hawk, limb
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bows, Swift Hawk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | SCONJ | _ | 4 gone | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 gone | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gone | aux |
| 4 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 saw | advcl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 way | det |
| 6 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 way | amod |
| 7 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gone | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 gone | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 saw | nsubj |
| 10 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 Hawk | det |
| 12 | Swift | Swift | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Hawk | compound |
| 13 | Hawk | Hawk | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 saw | obj |
| 14 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 saw | xcomp |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 limb | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 limb | det |
| 17 | limb | limb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sitting | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 tree | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 tree | det |
| 20 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 limb | nmod |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 ravine | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 ravine | det |
| 23 | ravine | ravine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sitting | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past · perfect | bows = bow | a long way | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme | ||||
| 2 | see | past | bows = bow | a Swift Hawk | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | sit | gerund | a Swift Hawk not said here | the limb of a tree | by a ravine | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on limb=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/72/