The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], sentence 95
His hair was all covered with mud, and his tongue hung out of his mouth, and he staggered about and fell down and then got up again, and seemed to feel badly.
Who acts: tongue, Coyote · What happens: cover, hang out, stagger, fall down, get up, seem · To what, where: hair, mouth
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tongue, Coyote), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 hair | nmod:poss |
| 2 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 covered | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 covered | aux:pass |
| 4 | all | all | ADV | _ | 5 covered | advmod |
| 5 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 mud | case |
| 7 | mud | mud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 covered | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 hung | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 hung | cc |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 11 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hung | nsubj |
| 12 | hung | hang | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 covered | conj |
| 13 | out | out | ADP | _ | 16 mouth | case |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 mouth | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 16 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hung | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 staggered | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 staggered | cc |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 staggered | nsubj |
| 20 | staggered | stagger | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 hung | conj |
| 21 | about | about | ADV | _ | 20 staggered | advmod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 fell | cc |
| 23 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 staggered | conj |
| 24 | down | down | ADV | _ | 23 fell | advmod |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 got | cc |
| 26 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 27 got | advmod |
| 27 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 fell | conj |
| 28 | up | up | ADP | _ | 27 got | compound:prt |
| 29 | again | again | ADV | _ | 27 got | advmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 seemed | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 seemed | cc |
| 32 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 hung | conj |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 feel | mark |
| 34 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 seemed | xcomp |
| 35 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 34 feel | advmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 covered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | past · passive | Coyote's hair | with mud; all property | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with mud=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hang out | past | Coyote's tongue | Coyote's mouth | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouth=Patient | ||||
| 3 | stagger | past | Coyote | about property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | fall down | past | Coyote not said here | down property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | get up | past | Coyote not said here | then; again | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | seem | past | Coyote's tongue not said here | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 7 | feel | to-infinitive | Coyote's tongue not said here | badly property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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