The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Corn, sentence 59
After he had given them the meat he showed them the sacks of seed and told them what they were for, and explained to them that they must not eat any the first year, but that they must always save some to plant, and the people listened.
Who acts: man, sacks, people · What happens: give, show, tell, explain, not eat, save · To what, where: man, quarters, sacks, some · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Corn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, sacks, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | SCONJ | _ | 4 given | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 given | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 given | aux |
| 4 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 showed | advcl |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 given | obj |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 meat | det |
| 7 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 given | obj |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 showed | nsubj |
| 9 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 showed | obj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 sacks | det |
| 12 | sacks | sack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 showed | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 seed | case |
| 14 | seed | seed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 sacks | nmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 told | cc |
| 16 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 showed | conj |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 told | iobj |
| 18 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 16 told | ccomp |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 for | nsubj |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 for | cop |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 what | case |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 explained | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 explained | cc |
| 24 | explained | explain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 showed | parataxis |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 them | case |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 explained | obl |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 eat | mark |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 eat | nsubj |
| 29 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 eat | aux |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 eat | advmod |
| 31 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 explained | ccomp |
| 32 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 35 year | det |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 year | det |
| 34 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 35 year | amod |
| 35 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 eat | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 save | punct |
| 37 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 42 save | cc |
| 38 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 42 save | mark |
| 39 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 save | nsubj |
| 40 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 save | aux |
| 41 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 42 save | advmod |
| 42 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 showed | conj |
| 43 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 42 save | obj |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 45 plant | case |
| 45 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 save | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 listened | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 listened | cc |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 people | det |
| 49 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 listened | nsubj |
| 50 | listened | listen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 showed | parataxis |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 showed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past · perfect · passive | man | quarters = quarter obj; the meat obj | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | show | past | man | quarters = quarter | the sacks of seed obj | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient sack=Topic | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | past | man not said here | sacks = sack | what ccomp | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | |||
| 4 | explain speech: assert | past | sacks = sack | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to they=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not eat | must | sacks = sack | year | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | save | must | sacks = sack | some | to plant; always property | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Theme | |||
| 7 | listen | past | the people | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/8/59/