The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Corn, sentence 75
He taught them about the sacred bundles, and told them that they must put an ear of corn on the bundles and must keep a piece of fat in the bundles along with the corn, and that both must be kept out of sight.
Who acts: man, things · What happens: teach, tell, put, keep, keep out · To what, where: things, ear, bundles, piece, both, sight · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Corn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 taught | nsubj |
| 2 | taught | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 taught | obj |
| 4 | about | about | ADP | _ | 7 bundles | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 bundles | det |
| 6 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bundles | amod |
| 7 | bundles | bundle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 taught | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 told | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 told | cc |
| 10 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 taught | conj |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 told | iobj |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 put | mark |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 put | nsubj |
| 14 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 put | aux |
| 15 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 told | ccomp |
| 16 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 ear | det |
| 17 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 put | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 corn | case |
| 19 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 ear | nmod |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 22 bundles | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 bundles | det |
| 22 | bundles | bundle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 put | obl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 keep | cc |
| 24 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 keep | aux |
| 25 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 put | conj |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 piece | det |
| 27 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 keep | obj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 fat | case |
| 29 | fat | fat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 piece | nmod |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 bundles | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 bundles | det |
| 32 | bundles | bundle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 keep | obl |
| 33 | along | along | ADP | _ | 36 corn | case |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 corn | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 corn | det |
| 36 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 keep | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 kept | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 kept | cc |
| 39 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 43 kept | mark |
| 40 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 43 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 41 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 kept | aux |
| 42 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 43 kept | aux:pass |
| 43 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 taught | conj |
| 44 | out | out | ADP | _ | 46 sight | case |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 sight | case |
| 46 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 kept | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 taught | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | teach speech: other | past | man | things = thing | about the sacred bundles | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent they=Recipient about bundle=Topic | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | man not said here | things = thing | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | put | must | things = thing | a ear of corn | the bundles | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent ear=Theme on bundle=Destination | |||
| 4 | keep | must | things = thing not said here | a piece of fat | the bundles | along the corn | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent piece=Theme in bundle=Location | ||
| 5 | keep out | must · passive | both | sight | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme sight=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/8/75/