The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 12
They drew up closer to the fire, they threw fresh logs into the flames, they turned their faces towards him and asked a thousand curious questions.
Who acts: listeners · What happens: draw up, throw, turn, ask · To what, where: fresh logs, flames, faces, thousand curious questions
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (listeners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 drew | nsubj |
| 2 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 drew | compound:prt |
| 4 | closer | close | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 2 drew | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 fire | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 fire | det |
| 7 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 closer | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 threw | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 threw | nsubj |
| 10 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 drew | conj |
| 11 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 logs | amod |
| 12 | logs | log | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 threw | obj |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 flames | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 flames | det |
| 15 | flames | flame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 threw | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 turned | punct |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 turned | nsubj |
| 18 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 drew | conj |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 faces | nmod:poss |
| 20 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 turned | obj |
| 21 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 22 him | case |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 turned | obl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 asked | cc |
| 24 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 turned | conj |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 thousand | det |
| 26 | thousand | thousand | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 questions | nummod |
| 27 | curious | curious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 questions | amod |
| 28 | questions | question | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 asked | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw up | past | listeners = listener | close property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | throw | past | listeners = listener | fresh logs | into the flames result | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer log=Theme into flame=Result | |||
| 3 | turn | past | listeners = listener | listeners's faces | towards thing | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent face=Theme towards he=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | past | listeners = listener not said here | thousand curious questions | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent question=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/10/12/