The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 39

“Women may lose their courage,” he said; “fools may give up a task because it is hard; but heroes persevere, wizards and smiths conquer.”

Who acts: Women, Ilmarinen, fools, heroes, wizards · What happens: lose, say, give up, be, persevere, conquer · To what, where: courage, task · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Women, Ilmarinen, fools, heroes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	4 lose	punct
2	Women	woman	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lose	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 lose	aux
4	lose	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 said	ccomp
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 courage	nmod:poss
6	courage	courage	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lose	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 lose	punct
8	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 lose	punct
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 said	nsubj
10	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 give	punct
12	“	"	PUNCT	_	13 fools	punct
13	fools	fool	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 give	nsubj
14	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 give	aux
15	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 said	ccomp
16	up	up	ADP	_	15 give	compound:prt
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 task	det
18	task	task	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 give	obj
19	because	because	SCONJ	_	22 hard	mark
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 hard	expl
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 hard	cop
22	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 give	advcl
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 persevere	punct
24	but	but	CCONJ	_	26 persevere	cc
25	heroes	hero	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 persevere	nsubj
26	persevere	persevere	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 said	ccomp
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 wizards	punct
28	wizards	wizard	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 conquer	nsubj
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 smiths	cc
30	smiths	smith	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 wizards	conj
31	conquer	conquer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 persevere	parataxis
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	26 persevere	punct
33	”	"	PUNCT	_	26 persevere	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	lose in a quote	may	Women	Women's courage		vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Eventuality
2	say speech: assert	past	Ilmarinen			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	give up in a quote	may	fools	a task		vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent task=Source
4	is in a quote	present	fools not said here		hard property	tree rules
5	persevere in a quote	infinitive	heroes			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	conquer in a quote	present	wizards and smiths			vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/10/39/

🌲 The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 39

The tree

Pragmatics

The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 39