The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 38

He twirled it in the air as blacksmiths sometimes twirl small masses of half-molten iron; then he held it firmly on his anvil of granite, while with quick and steady strokes he beat it with his heavy hammer.

Who acts: Ilmarinen, blacksmiths · What happens: twirl, hold, beat · To what, where: mixture, air, small masses, anvil

This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ilmarinen, blacksmiths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 twirled	nsubj
2	twirled	twirl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 twirled	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 air	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 air	det
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 twirled	obl
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 twirl	mark
8	blacksmiths	blacksmith	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 twirl	nsubj
9	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	10 twirl	advmod
10	twirl	twirl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 twirled	advcl
11	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 masses	amod
12	masses	mass	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 twirl	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	17 iron	case
14	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	16 molten	compound
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 half	punct
16	molten	molten	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 iron	amod
17	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 masses	nmod
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 held	punct
19	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	21 held	advmod
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 held	nsubj
21	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 twirled	parataxis
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 held	obj
23	firmly	firmly	ADV	_	21 held	advmod
24	on	on	ADP	_	26 anvil	case
25	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 anvil	nmod:poss
26	anvil	anvil	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 held	obl
27	of	of	ADP	_	28 granite	case
28	granite	granite	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 anvil	nmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 beat	punct
30	while	while	SCONJ	_	37 beat	mark
31	with	with	ADP	_	35 strokes	case
32	quick	quick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 strokes	amod
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 steady	cc
34	steady	steady	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 quick	conj
35	strokes	stroke	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 beat	obl
36	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 beat	nsubj
37	beat	beat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 held	conj
38	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 beat	obj
39	with	with	ADP	_	42 hammer	case
40	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	42 hammer	nmod:poss
41	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 hammer	amod
42	hammer	hammer	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 beat	obl
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 twirled	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	twirl	past	Ilmarinen	mixture	the air			vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent it=Material
2	twirl	present	blacksmiths	small masses of molten iron			sometimes property	vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent mass=Material
3	hold	past	Ilmarinen	mixture	Ilmarinen's anvil of granite	then	firmly property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme on anvil=Location
4	beat	past	Ilmarinen	mixture			with quick strokes; with Ilmarinen's heavy hammer	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with stroke=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/11/38/

🌲 The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 38

The tree

Pragmatics

The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 38