The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 83
The flames which darted up, flickering, from the half-burned fagots, lighted her grim features and shone yellow and red upon her gray head and her flour-whitened face.
Who acts: flames, burned fagots, Woman · What happens: dart up, flicker, burn, light, shine, whiten · To what, where: grim features, gray head
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flames, burned fagots, Woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 flames | det |
| 2 | flames | flame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 darted | nsubj |
| 3 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 darted | nsubj |
| 4 | darted | dart | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 4 darted | compound:prt |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 flickering | punct |
| 7 | flickering | flicker | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 darted | advcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 fagots | punct |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 fagots | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 fagots | det |
| 11 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 13 burned | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 half | punct |
| 13 | burned | burn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 fagots | amod |
| 14 | fagots | fagot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 flickering | parataxis |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 lighted | punct |
| 16 | lighted | light | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 fagots | acl |
| 17 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 features | nmod:poss |
| 18 | grim | grim | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 features | amod |
| 19 | features | feature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 lighted | obj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 shone | cc |
| 21 | shone | shine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 darted | conj |
| 22 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 shone | xcomp |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 red | cc |
| 24 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 yellow | conj |
| 25 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 28 head | case |
| 26 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 head | nmod:poss |
| 27 | gray | gray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 head | compound |
| 28 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 shone | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 face | cc |
| 30 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 face | nmod:poss |
| 31 | flour | flour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 whitened | compound |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 flour | punct |
| 33 | whitened | whiten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 face | amod |
| 34 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 head | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 darted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dart up | past | the flames | which nsubj | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | flicker | gerund | the flames not said here | the burned fagots parataxis | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | burn | participle | half compound | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | light | participle | the burned fagots not said here | Woman's grim features | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feature=Product | ||||
| 5 | shine | past | the flames not said here | Woman's gray head and Woman's whitened face | yellow property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon head=Location | |||
| 6 | whiten | participle | flour compound | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 7 | feature | Woman | nom feature «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/11/83/