The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 98
“Ah, but that was said to him and not to you,” said the Mistress, and she laughed until her toothless mouth seemed to cover the whole of her misshapen face.
Who acts: Mistress, hero, toothless mouth · What happens: say, laugh, seem, cover · To what, where: that, Master, whole · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mistress, hero, toothless mouth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 said | punct |
| 2 | Ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 16 said | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ah | punct |
| 4 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 said | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | aux:pass |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 Ah | conj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 him | case |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 you | cc |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 you | advmod |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 you | case |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 him | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ah | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ah | punct |
| 16 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Mistress | det |
| 18 | Mistress | mistress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 said | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 laughed | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 laughed | cc |
| 21 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 laughed | nsubj |
| 22 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 said | conj |
| 23 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 27 seemed | mark |
| 24 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 25 | toothless | toothless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 mouth | amod |
| 26 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 seemed | nsubj |
| 27 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 laughed | advcl |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 cover | mark |
| 29 | cover | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 seemed | xcomp |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 whole | det |
| 31 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 cover | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 face | case |
| 33 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 face | nmod:poss |
| 34 | misshapen | misshapen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 face | amod |
| 35 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 whole | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past · passive | that | Master | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to he=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the Mistress | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | laugh | past | hero | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | seem | past | hero's toothless mouth | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 5 | cover | to-infinitive | hero's toothless mouth not said here | the whole of hero's misshapen face | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme whole=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/11/98/