The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Homesick Hero, sentence 125
“Wisest and skilfulest of metal workers, why do you speak in riddles?” said the Minstrel, appearing to be hurt.
Who acts: you, Minstrel · What happens: speak, say, appear, hurt · To what, where: riddles · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Homesick Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Minstrel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Wisest | punct |
| 2 | Wisest | wise | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 17 said | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 skilfulest | cc |
| 4 | skilfulest | skilful | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 2 Wisest | conj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 workers | case |
| 6 | metal | metal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 workers | compound |
| 7 | workers | worker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 skilfulest | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 speak | punct |
| 9 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 speak | advmod |
| 10 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 speak | aux |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 speak | nsubj |
| 12 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 Wisest | parataxis |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 riddles | case |
| 14 | riddles | riddle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 speak | obl |
| 15 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 Wisest | punct |
| 16 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Wisest | punct |
| 17 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Minstrel | det |
| 19 | Minstrel | Minstrel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 said | nsubj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 appearing | punct |
| 21 | appearing | appear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 said | advcl |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 hurt | mark |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 hurt | aux:pass |
| 24 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 appearing | xcomp |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other in a quote | present · do-support | you | riddles | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | the Minstrel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | appear | gerund | the Minstrel not said here | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | hurt | to-infinitive · passive | the Minstrel not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/12/125/