The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Homesick Hero, sentence 61
“Why do you groan so like an ice-floe breaking up at the end of winter?
Who acts: you, ice floe · What happens: groan, break up · To what, where: end
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Homesick Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, ice floe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 groan | punct |
| 2 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 groan | advmod |
| 3 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 groan | aux |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 groan | nsubj |
| 5 | groan | groan | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 5 groan | advmod |
| 7 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 floe | case |
| 8 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 floe | det |
| 9 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 floe | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 ice | punct |
| 11 | floe | floe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 groan | obl |
| 12 | breaking | break | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 floe | acl |
| 13 | up | up | ADP | _ | 12 breaking | compound:prt |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 end | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 end | det |
| 16 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 breaking | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 winter | case |
| 18 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 end | nmod |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 groan | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | groan in a quote | present · do-support | you | like a ice floe | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | break up in a quote | gerund | a ice floe not said here | at the end of winter | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/12/61/