The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 115
With one song the keel was fashioned; with a second the gunwales were laid; with a third the boat’s ribs were fastened in their places; with a fourth the rudder was hung at the stern.
Who acts: keel · What happens: be, lay, fasten, hang · To what, where: gunwales, ribs, places, rudder, stern
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (keel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 song | case |
| 2 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 song | nummod |
| 3 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 fashioned | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 keel | det |
| 5 | keel | keel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 fashioned | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 fashioned | cop |
| 7 | fashioned | fashioned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 laid | punct |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 second | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 second | det |
| 11 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 laid | obl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 gunwales | det |
| 13 | gunwales | gunwale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 laid | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 laid | aux:pass |
| 15 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 fashioned | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 fastened | punct |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 third | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 third | det |
| 19 | third | third | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 fastened | obl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 boat | det |
| 21 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 ribs | nmod:poss |
| 22 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 21 boat | case |
| 23 | ribs | rib | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 fastened | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 fastened | aux:pass |
| 25 | fastened | fasten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 fashioned | parataxis |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 places | case |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 places | nmod:poss |
| 28 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 fastened | obl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 hung | punct |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 fourth | case |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 fourth | det |
| 32 | fourth | fourth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 hung | obl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 rudder | det |
| 34 | rudder | rudder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 hung | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 hung | aux:pass |
| 36 | hung | hang | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 fastened | conj |
| 37 | at | at | ADP | _ | 39 stern | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 stern | det |
| 39 | stern | stern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 hung | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 fashioned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the keel | with one song; fashioned property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | lay | past · passive | the gunwales | second | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 3 | fasten | past · passive | the boat's ribs | ribs's places | with a third | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient with third=Co-Patient | |||
| 4 | hang | past · passive | the rudder | the stern | with a fourth | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with fourth=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/115/