The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 146
On the second day, as the sun rose red above the hilltops, a raven flew croaking among the trees.
Who acts: sun, raven · What happens: rise, fly, croak · To what, where: hilltops
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, raven), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 day | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 day | det |
| 3 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 day | amod |
| 4 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 rose | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 day | punct |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 9 rose | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sun | det |
| 8 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 rose | nsubj |
| 9 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | red | red | ADV | _ | 9 rose | advmod |
| 11 | above | above | ADP | _ | 13 hilltops | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hilltops | det |
| 13 | hilltops | hilltop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 rose | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 flew | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 raven | det |
| 16 | raven | raven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 flew | nsubj |
| 17 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 rose | conj |
| 18 | croaking | croak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 flew | xcomp |
| 19 | among | among | ADP | _ | 21 trees | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 trees | det |
| 21 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 croaking | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 rose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | past | the sun | the hilltops | day | red property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above hilltop=Location | ||
| 2 | fly | past | a raven | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | croak | gerund | a raven not said here | among the trees | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/146/