The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 50
He was small of stature, wrinkled, and old—so old that he himself had long ago lost all reckoning of his age.
Who acts: dwarf · What happens: be, wrinkle, lose, reckon · To what, where: reckoning, age
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dwarf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 small | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 small | cop |
| 3 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 stature | case |
| 5 | stature | stature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 small | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 wrinkled | punct |
| 7 | wrinkled | wrinkle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 small | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 old | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 old | cc |
| 10 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 small | conj |
| 11 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 old | punct |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 13 old | advmod |
| 13 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 small | conj |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 lost | mark |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 lost | nsubj |
| 16 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 15 he | nmod:unmarked |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 lost | aux |
| 18 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 19 ago | advmod |
| 19 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 20 lost | advmod |
| 20 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 old | advcl |
| 21 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 reckoning | det |
| 22 | reckoning | reckoning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 lost | obj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 age | case |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 age | nmod:poss |
| 25 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 reckoning | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 small | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | dwarf | of stature; small property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | wrinkle | participle | dwarf not said here | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | be | dwarf not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | be | dwarf not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | lose | past · perfect | dwarf | all reckoning of dwarf's age | ago property | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reckoning=Eventuality | |||
| 6 | reckon | dwarf's age | nom reckoning «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/50/