The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 56
To each slender sapling and to every beast and bird he said, “Good-morning!” and every bird and beast and growing tree returned the salutation.
Who acts: Sampsa, bird · What happens: say, grow, return · To what, where: slender sapling, salutation · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sampsa, bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 4 sapling | case |
| 2 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 sapling | det |
| 3 | slender | slender | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sapling | amod |
| 4 | sapling | sapling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 said | obl |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 beast | cc |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 beast | case |
| 7 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 beast | det |
| 8 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sapling | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 bird | cc |
| 10 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 beast | conj |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 said | nsubj |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 morning | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 morning | punct |
| 15 | Good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 morning | amod |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 Good | punct |
| 17 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 said | ccomp |
| 18 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 17 morning | punct |
| 19 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 morning | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 returned | cc |
| 21 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 bird | det |
| 22 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 returned | nsubj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 beast | cc |
| 24 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 bird | conj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 tree | cc |
| 26 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 27 tree | amod |
| 27 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 bird | conj |
| 28 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 said | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 salutation | det |
| 30 | salutation | salutation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 returned | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Sampsa | each slender sapling and every beast and bird | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to sapling=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | grow | gerund | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | return | past | every bird and beast and growing tree | the salutation | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salutation=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/56/