The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Land of Tuonela, sentence 107
This river being once crossed by you, you can never cross again.
Who acts: you, river · What happens: cross, not cross · To what, where: river
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Land of Tuonela. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, river), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 river | det |
| 2 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 cross | nsubj |
| 3 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 crossed | aux:pass |
| 4 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 5 crossed | advmod |
| 5 | crossed | cross | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 river | acl:relcl |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 you | case |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 crossed | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 river | punct |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 cross | nsubj |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 cross | aux |
| 11 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 12 cross | advmod |
| 12 | cross | cross | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 13 | again | again | ADV | _ | 12 cross | advmod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 cross | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cross | gerund · passive | you | this river not said here | once property | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | not cross | can | this river | again | you nsubj | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/14/107/