The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Land of Tuonela, sentence 65
With savage looks and threatening gestures, she answered the cunning Minstrel: “O foolish fellow, why do you tell such falsehoods?
Who acts: daughter, you · What happens: threaten, answer, tell · To what, where: cunning Minstrel, such falsehoods · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Land of Tuonela. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (daughter, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 looks | case |
| 2 | savage | savage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 looks | compound |
| 3 | looks | look | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 answered | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 gestures | cc |
| 5 | threatening | threaten | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 gestures | amod |
| 6 | gestures | gesture | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 looks | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 looks | punct |
| 8 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 answered | nsubj |
| 9 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Minstrel | det |
| 11 | cunning | cunning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 Minstrel | compound |
| 12 | Minstrel | minstrel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 answered | obj |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 tell | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 tell | punct |
| 15 | O | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 17 fellow | case |
| 16 | foolish | foolish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 fellow | amod |
| 17 | fellow | fellow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 tell | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 fellow | punct |
| 19 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 tell | advmod |
| 20 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 tell | aux |
| 21 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 22 tell | nsubj |
| 22 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 answered | conj |
| 23 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 falsehoods | amod |
| 24 | falsehoods | falsehood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 tell | obj |
| 25 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | threaten | gerund | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 2 | answer speech: ask | past | daughter | the cunning Minstrel | with savage looks and threatening gestures | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent minstrel=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert in a quote | present · do-support | you | such falsehoods | of foolish fellow | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent falsehood=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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