The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Land of Tuonela, sentence 99
Have you lived to be an old, old man and yet never learned that the liar is sure to be discovered?
Who acts: you, liar · What happens: live, be, not learn, discover · To what, where: old old man
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Land of Tuonela. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, liar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 lived | aux |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 lived | nsubj |
| 3 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 man | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 10 man | cop |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 man | det |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 man | amod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 old | punct |
| 9 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 man | amod |
| 10 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lived | advcl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 learned | cc |
| 12 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 14 learned | advmod |
| 13 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 14 learned | advmod |
| 14 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lived | conj |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 sure | mark |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 liar | det |
| 17 | liar | liar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 sure | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 sure | cop |
| 19 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 learned | advcl |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 discovered | mark |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 discovered | aux:pass |
| 22 | discovered | discover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 sure | ccomp |
| 23 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | you | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is a | to-infinitive | you not said here | a old old man | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | not learn | past | you not said here | yet | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | is | present | the liar | sure property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | discover | to-infinitive · passive | the liar not said here | vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S_ING» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/14/99/