The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Hero’s Return, sentence 18
A dozen heroes ran forward to save him, a dozen strong arms were stretched out to succor him—and lo! to the wonder and joy of all, they perceived that it was Wainamoinen, their honored neighbor, their best-loved countryman.
Who acts: dozen heroes, arms, joy · What happens: run, save, stretch out, succor, perceive, be · To what, where: stranger, dozen, Wainamoinen
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Hero’s Return. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dozen heroes, arms, joy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 dozen | det |
| 2 | dozen | dozen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 heroes | nummod |
| 3 | heroes | hero | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ran | nsubj |
| 4 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 4 ran | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 save | mark |
| 7 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 ran | advcl |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 save | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 stretched | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 dozen | det |
| 11 | dozen | dozen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 stretched | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 arms | amod |
| 13 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 stretched | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 stretched | aux:pass |
| 15 | stretched | stretch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 ran | conj |
| 16 | out | out | ADP | _ | 15 stretched | compound:prt |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 succor | mark |
| 18 | succor | succor | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 stretched | advcl |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 succor | obj |
| 20 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 perceived | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 perceived | cc |
| 22 | lo | lo | INTJ | _ | 33 perceived | discourse |
| 23 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 22 lo | punct |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 wonder | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 wonder | det |
| 26 | wonder | wonder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 lo | nmod |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 joy | cc |
| 28 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 wonder | conj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 all | case |
| 30 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 joy | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 lo | punct |
| 32 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 perceived | nsubj |
| 33 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ran | conj |
| 34 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 Wainamoinen | mark |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 Wainamoinen | nsubj |
| 36 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 Wainamoinen | cop |
| 37 | Wainamoinen | Wainamoinen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 perceived | parataxis |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 neighbor | punct |
| 39 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 neighbor | nmod:poss |
| 40 | honored | honor | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 neighbor | amod |
| 41 | neighbor | neighbor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 Wainamoinen | appos |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 countryman | punct |
| 43 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 countryman | nmod:poss |
| 44 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 46 loved | advmod |
| 45 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 44 best | punct |
| 46 | loved | love | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 47 countryman | amod |
| 47 | countryman | countryman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 neighbor | conj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | dozen heroes | forward property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | save | to-infinitive | dozen heroes not said here | stranger | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 3 | stretch out | past · passive | a dozen | strong arms nsubj:pass | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 4 | succor | to-infinitive | stranger | vn help-72.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary | |||||
| 5 | perceive | past | arms = arm | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | is a | past | joy | Wainamoinen | arms's honored neighbor and arms's loved countryman appos | tree rules | |||
| 7 | honor | participle | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 8 | love | participle | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/16/18/