The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Hero’s Return, sentence 55
And when the time comes for you to cross the dark river you need have no fears of King Tuoni, for messengers of light will lead you into the valley of rest prepared for the good and the true.
Who acts: time, you, dark river, messengers · What happens: come, cross, need, have, lead, prepare · To what, where: dark river, fears, you, valley, rest, King Tuoni
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Hero’s Return. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (time, you, dark river, messengers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 comes | cc |
| 2 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 5 comes | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 comes | nsubj |
| 5 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 9 cross | mark |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 cross | nsubj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 cross | mark |
| 9 | cross | cross | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 comes | parataxis |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 river | det |
| 11 | dark | dark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 river | compound |
| 12 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 have | nsubj |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 need | nsubj |
| 14 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 river | acl:relcl |
| 15 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 cross | parataxis |
| 16 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 17 fears | det |
| 17 | fears | fear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 have | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Tuoni | case |
| 19 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Tuoni | compound |
| 20 | Tuoni | Tuoni | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 fears | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 messengers | punct |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 messengers | case |
| 23 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 lead | nsubj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 light | case |
| 25 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 messengers | nmod |
| 26 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 lead | aux |
| 27 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 have | parataxis |
| 28 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 27 lead | obj |
| 29 | into | into | ADP | _ | 31 valley | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 valley | det |
| 31 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 lead | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 rest | case |
| 33 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 valley | nmod |
| 34 | prepared | prepare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 rest | acl |
| 35 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 good | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 good | det |
| 37 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 prepared | obl |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 true | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 true | det |
| 40 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 good | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 comes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | the time | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | cross | to-infinitive | you | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | need | present | you | the dark river not said here | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot river=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have | present | the dark river | no fears of King Tuoni | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fear=Patient | ||||
| 5 | lead | future | messengers of light | you | the valley of rest | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent you=Theme into valley=Destination | |||
| 6 | prepare | participle | rest not said here | for the good | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for good=Beneficiary | ||||
| 7 | fear | King Tuoni | nom fear «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/16/55/