The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wisdom Keeper, sentence 2
The wild geese returned to their old haunts in the sheltered inlets and reedy streams, and the voice of the cuckoo was heard in the groves of poplar.
Who acts: wild geese · What happens: return, shelter, hear · To what, where: voice, groves
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wisdom Keeper. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wild geese), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 geese | det |
| 2 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 geese | amod |
| 3 | geese | goose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 returned | nsubj |
| 4 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 haunts | case |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 haunts | nmod:poss |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 haunts | amod |
| 8 | haunts | haunt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 returned | obl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 inlets | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 inlets | det |
| 11 | sheltered | shelter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 inlets | amod |
| 12 | inlets | inlet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 haunts | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 streams | cc |
| 14 | reedy | reedy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 streams | amod |
| 15 | streams | stream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 inlets | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 heard | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 heard | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 voice | det |
| 19 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 heard | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 cuckoo | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 cuckoo | det |
| 22 | cuckoo | cuckoo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 voice | nmod |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 heard | aux:pass |
| 24 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 returned | conj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 groves | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 groves | det |
| 27 | groves | grove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 heard | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 poplar | case |
| 29 | poplar | poplar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 groves | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 returned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | return | past | the wild geese | to geese's old haunts in the sheltered inlets and reedy streams result | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to haunt=Result | ||||
| 2 | shelter | participle | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | hear | past · passive | the voice of the cuckoo | the groves of poplar | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/17/2/