The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wisdom Keeper, sentence 34
“Did I not once venture even to cross the dark river that divides our world from Tuoni’s kingdom?
Who acts: Courage, dark river · What happens: not venture, cross, divide · To what, where: dark river, world
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wisdom Keeper. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Courage, dark river), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 venture | punct |
| 2 | Did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 venture | aux |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 venture | nsubj |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 venture | advmod |
| 5 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 6 venture | advmod |
| 6 | venture | venture | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | even | even | ADV | _ | 9 cross | advmod |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 cross | mark |
| 9 | cross | cross | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 6 venture | parataxis |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 river | det |
| 11 | dark | dark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 river | compound |
| 12 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cross | obj |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 divides | nsubj |
| 14 | divides | divide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 river | acl:relcl |
| 15 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 world | nmod:poss |
| 16 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 divides | obj |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 kingdom | case |
| 18 | Tuoni | Tuoni | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 kingdom | nmod:poss |
| 19 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 18 Tuoni | case |
| 20 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 divides | obl |
| 21 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 venture | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not venture in a quote | past · do-support | Courage | once property | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | cross in a quote | to-infinitive | the dark river | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient | |||||
| 3 | divide in a quote | present | the dark river | our world | from Tuoni's kingdom | vn separate-23.1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent world=Patient from kingdom=Co-Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/17/34/