The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wisdom Keeper, sentence 93
He sang of the creation: how the earth arose in the midst of the waters; how the forests were planted and the wildflowers were taught to bloom; how the monsters of land and sea and the timid creatures of the fields and woods were given life; and lastly how the sky was shaped and the sun and moon and twinkling stars were set in their places.
Who acts: Keeper, earth, wildflowers · What happens: sing, arise, plant, teach, bloom, give · To what, where: midst, forests, wildflowers, monsters, sky, stars
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wisdom Keeper. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Keeper, earth, wildflowers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 sang | nsubj |
| 2 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 creation | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 creation | det |
| 5 | creation | creation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sang | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 arose | punct |
| 7 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 arose | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 earth | det |
| 9 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 arose | nsubj |
| 10 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 sang | conj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 midst | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 midst | det |
| 13 | midst | midst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 arose | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 waters | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 waters | det |
| 16 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 midst | nmod |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 planted | punct |
| 18 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 planted | advmod |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 forests | det |
| 20 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 planted | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 planted | aux:pass |
| 22 | planted | plant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 arose | parataxis |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 taught | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 wildflowers | det |
| 25 | wildflowers | wildflower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 taught | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 taught | aux:pass |
| 27 | taught | teach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 planted | conj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 bloom | mark |
| 29 | bloom | bloom | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 taught | xcomp |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 48 given | punct |
| 31 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 48 given | advmod |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 monsters | det |
| 33 | monsters | monster | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 given | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 land | case |
| 35 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 monsters | nmod |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 sea | cc |
| 37 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 land | conj |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 creatures | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 creatures | det |
| 40 | timid | timid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 creatures | amod |
| 41 | creatures | creature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 land | conj |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 fields | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 fields | det |
| 44 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 creatures | nmod |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 woods | cc |
| 46 | woods | wood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 fields | conj |
| 47 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 given | aux:pass |
| 48 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 arose | advcl |
| 49 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 given | obj |
| 50 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 52 lastly | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 lastly | cc |
| 52 | lastly | lastly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 sang | parataxis |
| 53 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 57 shaped | advmod |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 sky | det |
| 55 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 shaped | nsubj:pass |
| 56 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 shaped | aux:pass |
| 57 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 52 lastly | advcl |
| 58 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 60 sun | cc |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 sun | det |
| 60 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 shaped | conj |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 moon | cc |
| 62 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 sun | conj |
| 63 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 64 twinkling | cc |
| 64 | twinkling | twinkle | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 60 sun | conj |
| 65 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 67 set | nsubj:pass |
| 66 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 67 set | aux:pass |
| 67 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 64 twinkling | ccomp |
| 68 | in | in | ADP | _ | 70 places | case |
| 69 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 70 places | nmod:poss |
| 70 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 67 set | obl |
| 71 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sing speech: express | past | Keeper | of the creation | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | ||||
| 2 | arise | past | the earth | the midst of the waters | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in midst=Location | ||||
| 3 | plant | past · passive | the forests | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 4 | teach speech: other | past · passive | the wildflowers | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | bloom | to-infinitive | the wildflowers not said here | vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | give | past · passive | the monsters of land and sea and the timid creatures of the fields and woods | life obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient life=Theme | ||||
| 7 | shape | past · passive | the sky | the sun and moon conj | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 8 | twinkle | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 9 | set | past · passive | stars | stars's places | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in place=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/17/93/